大明

	大明
政府等级	帝国
主流文化	江淮（中华）
首都	北京（1816）
政体	天朝
国教	儒教
科技组	中华科技组

大明的理念

传统

−20% 堡垒维护
−10% 理念花费

野心

+30% 关系改善

理念

九边重镇

+5% 要塞防御

+25% 卫戍数量

重建三大营

+5% 训练度

天朝上国

−10% 稳定度花费

修缮黄河大堤

+10% 生产效率

食盐专营

+10% 贸易效率

一条鞭法

+10% 国家税收

红夷大炮

+1 陆军将领火力

永乐皇帝驾崩至今已有20年。南方的大越已然宣布独立，朝廷对女真与西藏的羁縻亦快要名存实亡，但是大明帝国依旧是世界上最强大的国家。

遗留的外部威胁已所剩无几，朱家花费了大量的资源来展示他们与元朝建立者忽必烈汗的不同，保护学者并复兴饱受蒙古统治摧残的科举制。穿过戈壁沙漠，在外蒙古，留存着少量弱小而又分裂的忽必烈家族的孑遗。

然而北方传来的消息称一个新的领袖已经统一了游牧部落。绰罗斯家族的也先已经联合了瓦剌与蒙古，并可能将他贪婪的视线投向中原。

大明，亚陆极东之天朝上国。明代常被视作泱泱华夏文明史中的一座高峰。海上贸易的兴旺、郑和下西洋的壮举，为大明带来了天朝的外交声望和来自印度和东非的珍贵商品。然而在游戏开始的1444年，开辟西洋的热情已然退却，再加上庙堂之上的日趋保守，对外交流几近停滞。

大明的战略地位堪称全游戏第一。坐拥广袤丰饶的神州沃土，有着无可比拟的发展度和冠绝全球的省份数量，环顾四周又无一强敌傍身。然而纵使北方的满洲和阿尔泰游牧现时大伤元气，倘若假以时日，团结在一起的游牧部队终会成为大明的心腹之患。若有游牧大国拒绝做我大明藩属，甚至会触发天子的特有“没有防备的游牧边疆”灾难。晚些时候到来的西方列强，如果不立即处理，将是对大明的另一个威胁。

天朝

大明有一种叫做天朝的独特政府制度，其意在于皇帝受命于天而能施以王道，皇恩泽被四海，而天威震服八方；相反水能载舟亦可覆舟，治国无能的君王亦有天怒人怨。

在没有开启DLC 天命时，大明可以通过接受新兴的四个思潮（文艺复兴、殖民主义、印刷机，再加上全球贸易、工业化生产和人文启蒙三者任一）来改革政府，剔除古老且不合时宜的旧制；当然大明还需要一个某项能力至少为4的君主来完成改革，改革完成后大明会成为一个君主立宪制国家。在开启DLC 天命后，大明仅在失去天命，被取代中国皇帝地位时成为一个专制君主制国家。

类型	科技等级	效果	描述&说明
天朝	0	+0.5 年度威望 -10% 所有阶层的影响力 90% 开局阶层封地如果没有DLC 天命 +10% 接受思潮花费启用派系系统禁用阶层系统	受命于天，既寿永昌（更多）大明独有政体。如果有DLC 天命，则为中国皇帝独有。固定等级：帝国级锁定王朝禁止切换转教

派系

这部分内容可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.24。

主条目：派系

在大明帝国内部，三个派系相互争夺权力和影响力。每个派系拥有独特的事件来增加或是降低他们的影响力，玩家也可以使用10点君主点数来提升10点相应派系影响力。当一个派系的影响力超过其他两项的时候，这个派系的修正将被激活。这个系统替代了大多数国家使用的阶层系统，开启DLC 天命后则不使用派系机制而使用独有的中国皇帝机制。

名称	效果	描述
五军都督府	+10% 人力恢复速度 −25% 不合理需求 0%−1 外交关系	都督府是帝国军队的将军和指挥官们的系统。渴望证明他们的勇猛和忠诚，他们寻求通过外交手段促进战争以便能够获得晋升。
市舶司	+10% 省份贸易力量修正 0%+1 外交声望 +10% 稳定度花费修正	这个部门组织各省的官僚负责贸易和航海。为了寻求促进有利可图的贸易，他们经常反对都督府的军事野心。
内阁大学士	−10% 建筑花费 0%+1 可能的顾问 0−5% 训练度	一群通过帝国科举体系提拔的行政官吏。才华横溢的儒家学者，这些人是帝国的外交官和官僚们。他们促进政策以建立强大而稳定的帝国。

任务

主条目：中华任务

注：1.25 版本新引入了任务树系统，大明和大清共用“中华任务”。

首先，需要殖民台湾，这在一定程度上鼓励玩家选择探索理念组继续郑和的航海事业；
然后在宗教改革时代结束之后宣称天命，取得大越北部红河三角洲地区和东京地区，以及朝鲜半岛的永久宣称；
接下来则是恢复古老边境和保卫朝鲜——即使它们已经灭亡，不过任务不包括它们可能额外征服的土地：
- 吞并大越，事实上大越灭亡之后高平的造核惩罚就消失了，任务只需要那六块地；
- 拥有或附庸朝鲜，如果仿照历史上的正常流程，应该在第一次日本侵朝之后外交附庸朝鲜，再行收复核心。

（然而游戏中的朝鲜不踏平本州岛就已经很客气了。所以这项任务20威望100行政点数的奖励，与直接吞并朝鲜的战争代价相比实在是不划算。）

除了这些独特任务，还有军事、外交、经济和贸易相关的通用任务。

事件

主条目：大明事件

大明的事件组包含了宗教、改革和政治事件，涵盖了从“耶稣会到来”到“闭关锁国”和“戚继光军改”等事件。这些事件会从很多不同的方面影响国家，对不同派系带来正面或负面的影响以及额外的趣味。

虽然说现在的版本已经无需西化，但是快速夺取阿斯特拉罕，甚至黑海的出海口，取得“开放中国”的Buff和后续的事件，对于接纳文艺复兴思潮还是很有帮助的。节约种思潮的点数，可以用于争夺印度方向，尽早一统亚洲。

决议

这部分内容可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.25。

ID

修复长城

这条信息可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.25。

长城的部分墙体亟需大修，以目前状态它无法对我国北方省份形成有效的保护。


潜在需求该国：是大明或大清。使用一般或历史国家政体是天朝拥有以下省份：太原（693）、河间（695）、保定（696）、大同（697）、兰州（699）、西安（700）、玉门（707)、阿拉善（709）和北京（1816）尚未触发“修补万里长城”修正至少满足之一：由玩家控制不在使用自建国	接受该国：君主的军事技能至少为 5

效果该国获得修正“修补万里长城”，具以下效果： +25% 要塞防御 +10% 要塞维护费用

AI至少在满足以下需求之一时才会通过该决议：

国库至少拥有 1.5 年的收入
拥有至少 100 行政点数
拥有至少 100 军事点数

ID

建造紫禁城

这条信息可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.25。

“紫禁城将成为我们国家的宏伟丰碑，提高国家威望，促进国家稳定。”


潜在需求该国：是满洲、大明或大清使用一般或历史国家政体是天朝首都位于北京（1816）或南京（1821）尚未拥有国家修正“紫禁城”。由玩家控制或AI不在使用自建国	接受该国：不处于战争拥有3级的政治家顾问或君主的行政技能至少为 3 未启用派系机制或内阁大学士派系掌权至少拥有稳定度 +3 国库至少拥有 1 年的收入至少拥有 50 点行政点数

效果该国：失去 1 年的年收入失去 50 行政点数获得国家修正“修建紫禁城”，具有以下效果： −10% 稳定度花费修正 +0.5 年度威望

AI不会在国库中少于

1.5年的年收入，或少于

100点行政点数时通过该决议。

ID

政府改革

这条信息可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.25。

充分地强化我们的政府机构后，我们可以突破宫廷各派系的掣肘，直接掌控我们的$MONARCHTITLE$（君主头衔）。


潜在需求该国：政体是天朝 DLC 天命未激活	接受该国：至少满足之一：君主的行政技能至少为 4 君主的外交技能至少为 4 君主的军事技能至少为 4 已接纳封建制度思潮已接纳文艺复兴思潮已接纳殖民主义思潮已接纳印刷机应用思潮已接纳全球贸易、工场生产、启蒙主义中的一种。

效果该国政体转变为君主立宪制。

AI通过决议倾向：

基础权重：1

策略

这部分内容可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.27。

Ming is the number one Great Power in 1444 start with unparalleled economy and size. With Ming's economically focused ideas, it will likely be drowning in ducats throughout the game. Ming's hegemony, however, is much more fragile than first appearance. The advancement of Institutions will slow down its technological advancement. Northern hordes threaten its border. Unpacified borders or unchecked expansion will reduce its Mandate, which can bring about overwhelming negative effects. Colonization will reduce the relative importance of Beijing trade node. Even when all these nuances are managed, an equal nation with multiple military bonuses in their national ideas and traditions can still bring Ming to its knees with ease as Ming's own ideas offer little military bonuses. If Ming ever falls behind technologically or economically, its military will not hold against another Great Power.

保持中国皇帝

Ming starts off being the Emperor of China, which confers various benefits when mandate is positive. There are steep penalties for negative Mandates. Since non-tributary neighbouring countries reduces mandate steeply, for every Great Power neighbour that Ming cannot make tributary of or quickly conquer, there need to be corresponding tributaries to make up the mandate loss. See strategy on being the Emperor of China.

Suitable tributaries depend on the overall strategies the player choose for Ming. Notable countries to nurture as future high development tributaries include Kilwa, Mali, Portugal through colonization and Japan through the need to conquer a Shinto province. The player should be cautious of adding tributaries that can drag players into unwanted wars. Targets of Ottoman such as Mamluks and Aq Qoyunlu are examples. Ryuku starts off as Ming tributary. Player should keep in mind that, most likely, AI Japan will eventually declare war on Ryuku despite of Ming's suzerainty. The same applies to Ainu if player adds Ainu to his or her tributary system. A naval build-up no later than tech 15 when Galleon becomes available is usually necessary to combat Japan. Given naval dominance over Japan, it is not hard to snatch provinces from Japan with some surprise landing and subsequent blockade off isolated islands of Japan even if the player does not wish to commit too many troops on Japan or building too large of a transport fleet. A navally weak Ming may have to abandon Ryuku as a tributary before Japan becomes too powerful.

One other side effect of the tributary system is piracy. Since Ming cannot declare war on its tributaries without steep penalty, being a tributary of Ming is a license to pirate Chinese trade nodes. In order to protect trade income, a combat fleet of either heavy ships or galleys is required. Hunt pirates efficiency is based on the number of guns. Galleys offer more guns per maintenance cost. China is also home to a number of in-land seas. Thus a small galleys offer great utility early game. As the game progresses, heavy ships will be required for their combat capacity.

Ming's vast manpower pool and thus recovery speed in absolute terms can be cashed in for ducats or prestige using the subject interactions of tributary. Send additional troops to raise liberty desire after demanding extra tribute offers a limitless mean to milk Ming's tributary subjects dry. The send troops interaction requires the subject to be at war. Setting rich subjects as countries of special interest by right-clicking the country flag on the provincial interface can help tracking such opportunities. Of course, Send additional troops can also be used to manage liberty desire of large tributary subjects as with any other tributary overlord.

保持力量投射

For most part of the first half of the game, Ming is too strong to have validrivals. Occasionally, validrival targets come up. For example, when Ming's development score is reduced by not having the most up to date institution. Be sure to scornfully insult the rival promptly to gain +10 power projection as the rival may not still be a rival as soon as next month. Privateering is often required to maintain a high level of power projection for Ming.

大明的宗教

这部分内容可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.27。

Ming starts with Confucian with most of its China provinces under the true faith. Neo-Confucianism adds extra +2 tolerance of heretics to the existing +2 from Confucian, making heretics almost as accepted as true faith even without Humanist ideas. Thus religious unity is not an issue early to mid game when Ming's territory stays within the coverage of eastern religions.

Combining the high tolerance with the fact that unaccepted culture gives -33% to most forms of incomes, and that cultures under harmonized religions cannot be converted, it is usually not worthwhile to harmonize other eastern religions -- except Shinto, which gives a valuable +5% to infantry combat ability. In order to harmonize Shinto, a province in Japan is required. Player needs to plan ahead whether he or she wishes to remove the unaccepted culture malus on rich Japanese provinces -- thereby requiring either a) reserving 2 to 3 accepted culture slots for Japan or b) complete conquest and cultural conversion before harmonizing Shinto. These two options need to be further balanced with the need to maintain total development among tributary nations, among which Japan can be an ideal option. The player may have to settle with a compromise somewhere in between.

和谐 vs 传教

只适用于DLC天命激活时。

Expansion beyond China region and Buddhism requires either religious conversion or harmonization to maintain religious unity. Conversion costs harmony and the cost scales with development. This makes religious conversion highly restricted with Confucian. Harmonization also costs harmony and takes up to 34 years, with some events offering opportunities to reduce the duration, but has the effect of affecting a whole branch of religion as truth faith. Thus, exceptional circumstances aside, harmonization is usually the preferred option. Given the lengthy process, it is wise to a) accumulate the positive modifiers for harmony as much as possible, b) avoid unnecessary spending of harmony on conversion, and c) avoid wasting harmony from overflow. The latter also means the harmonization of a religion should occur reasonably early before a lot of heathen provinces are conquered.

If the player moves capital to outside of Asia, trade company can be used to skip the harmonization of Hindu. (DLC or required.)

管理思潮

这部分内容可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.27。

接受文艺复兴

只适用于DLC常识激活时。

Ming cannot obtain Renaissance through adjacency within any reasonable time frame. Forcing its adoption through provincial development is the reasonable option. And the monarch point cost is hardly an issue as the economic prowess of Ming affords the most expensive advisers with the only nuance being to save up sufficient monarch points in advance while using them from time to time to avoid wasteful overflow. The more interesting strategic question is where to develop.

One obvious choice is the capital Beijing. With Ming's existing development, there would be -50% development cost reduction in Beijing. This can be further combined with imperial decree “Expand Palace Bureaucracy” and state edict “Encourage Development”. (DLC required.) There are, however, two downsides with developing in Beijing: 1) North Jiangsu is not stated and is not usually worthwhile stating (also conflicting with later addition to trade company if stated), which leaves a gap between the rich capital area and the rich southern Yangtze delta and Pearl River delta area, hindering spread via adjacency & 2) developing Beijing now adds to the cost of moving capital later. The former is less of a problem as at the time of Renaissance, before Ming expands and statify too many territories, the presence of Renaissance around North/South Hebei and Shandong is usually sufficient for a nation-wide embracement through the use of the some ducats. The limited stated development compared to late game also limits the ducat expenditure. The latter factor on moving capital is worth more consideration. If a player later decides to move the capital, Beijing developed far enough for adopting Renaissance would usually incur a full extra 500 admin points. The player needs to consider whether the -50% development cost reduction is worthwhile in light of the extra move capital cost. This is compounded by the fact that developing Hangzhou, for example, would make spreading to neighbouring (rich) provinces easier. This not only applies to Renaissance but also later institutions.

If Common Sense is not enabled, Ming may have to move Capital to Europe or North Africa and unstate most provinces in China -- reduces permanent cores into territorial cores in the process -- in order to obtain Renaissance reasonably early. It can take a century and more before Renaissance spreads to the China region without intervention.

接受更晚的思潮

Ming can reasonably compete for the origin of Colonialism. That usually requires Exploration as the first idea group. And that is a reasonable choice for Ming since Ming's initial economic prowess delays the need for a military idea group compared to other smaller nations. The adoption of Colonialism is intrinsically linked to capital move as well. Moving capital to the New World enables direct control of New World provinces. Since Colonialism does not spawn in countries whose capital is in the New World, the player should time his or her capital move in order to contend for the origin of Colonialism, which gives monarch powers, prestige, a minor local trade power boost and delays the adoption of Colonialism elsewhere. Individually, these benefits are small but combined they are worthwhile when colonization is already a part of the player's plan.

Delaying the move of capital is more than just that. It is a valid strategy to form a few colonial nations first before moving to the New World, reaping both the benefits of having colonial nations and directly owning provinces in the New World. This can go hand in hand with delaying the move of capital to contend for the origin of Colonialism. Delaying the move too far though slows the player's colonization progress because colonists take substantially longer to travel from Beijing to the Americas than the capitals of most other colonial powers.

Ming can also reasonably compete for the origin of Global Trade -- at least in single player. Usually, a sizable trade fleet to wrestle control of the Nippon trade node is required to maintain Beijing's top place in trade value among all trade nodes. This can be managed easier if Ming colonizes rapidly after Colonialism through a capital move to the Americas and subsequently steering trade to Japan. On the home front, widespread construction of manufactories is usually required. Choose provinces with decently valued trade goods. (See strategy for buildings.) If Beijing is a few ducats short, temporary Trade Embargo on England or Great Britain may reduce the trade value in English Channel just enough for the origin of Global Trade to spawn in Ming. To that end, some control in the Ivory Coast trade node is helpful. Temporary diversion of trade value towards Sevilla can reduce the trade value in English Channel by a good margin.

Enlightenment is another institution that is best planned ahead for. The spread of Enlightenment is slow for countries whose capital is outside of Europe. This is a late game institution thus the player is likely to have expanded Ming's territory to many parts of the world -- raising the minimum number of stated provinces required for the presence of Enlightenment before adoption as well as raising the ducat cost of embracement. The player should decide ahead of time whether a later move to Europe will be needed. If so, it may be best to avoid developing the capital for adopting Printing Press as well as Renaissance to avoid the costly development difference penalty from the move.

理念组：探索还是不探索

Ming can reach Americans reasonably early through island hops or through Alaska while being the first to colonize Africa -- seizing Cape and gaining a free merchant as a start. Colonizing Inhambane (1183) next to Kilwa can be a start of conquest in East Africa or could be the move to gain a high development tributary. In the latter case, control of ivory can still come but likely much later through Center of Trade upgrades and late game provincial trade power modifiers. To that end, colonization of the isolated islands in the East Africa trade region is advisable.

Since colonization is a valid strategy, and Ming's military position is not usually challenged early game, Exploration is a valid first idea in Single Player. If a human player is present in the region, a military idea group is most likely required urgently since Ming does not have strong military national ideas. If Exploration is chosen, completion is also valid strategy -- despite of the limited use of the idea group late game. That is because Ming may have limited number of coastal provinces and thus fall behind in Naval Force Limit, to which the Exploration group gives +25%. The Quality-Exploration policy gives -25% land attrition. That can be another reason to complete Exploration and keep it. Complete Exploration and a capital in the New World will allow Ming to quickly dominate the Americas.

Subsequent idea groups are usually common with other nations. Ming will need multiple military idea groups and need them before major territorial conquests. The core creation cost reduction from Administrative stacks with the bonuses from being the Emperor of China well. As vassals are usually required for Ming as a measure to preserve mandate, the -25% diplomatic annexation cost reduction and +2 diplomatic reputation from Influence ideas provide great utility for Ming. Between Humanist and Religious, Humanist likely offers greater value since as the conversion ideas will mostly be wasted on Confucian due to the cost on harmony. Humanist also gives the much needed yet rare to come by modifier of +0.25 yearly harmony growth. (DLC required.) The religious idea group nevertheless offers strong military policies. Military bonuses are in short supply with Ming. Thus it's not unreasonable to choose Religious ideas late game.

管理贸易公司

这部分内容可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.27。

A Ming player is incentivized to move his or her capital for a number of reasons, some of which already described above. Enabling trade company in Asia is another major incentive. Trade Company when permitted in Asia can help managing relgious unity for Hindu and many Animist provinces -- players can skip harmonization of Dharmic group altogether by adding Indian provinces to trade companies (and potentially in conjunction with retaining Multan as one of the last remaining tributaries). Trade Companies will also provide merchants. In addition, through Trade Company investments, they will help maintaining Army Tradition, increasing naval force limit -- helpful if Ming doesn't own many coastal provinces, and production in the home China region if planned ahead strategically. (DLC or required.) Here, it is important to note that stated provinces cannot be added to trade companies and trade company investments are removed if a single trade company province is removed in a region where trade company is present. Stating and unstating within China will lose permanent cores. Thus, together, both stating and assignment of trade company provinces in China should be considered as permanent and there is no conversion between state provinces and trade company provinces. A player needs to plan ahead which region will belong to whom. Worthy of note are coal provinces within trade company charters.

Other strategies with trade company are common with other nations.

移动首都

这部分内容可能已不适合当前版本，最后更新于1.27。

The potential benefits of moving capital for Ming is as follows. Note that some of them conflict with each other or require multiple moves to realize within the same run.

Benefit (destinations):

Direct control of New World provinces (New World)

Faster colonization in the New World (New World)

Enable trade companies in Asia charters (New World, Europe)

Faster spread for Enlightenment (Europe)

Enable East India Trade Company decision, East Indian Trade Route and related Parliament issue (Europe)

Note that colonization in the spice islands will become slow after moving the capital to America or Europe. Thus if such a move is anticipated, early colonization of most high development islands is advisable.

Beware that moving capital moves trade capital to the same destination concurrently. This is usually not a problem. Advance planning will avoid sudden inconvenient income drop. Also moving capital to Europe exposes Ming to some of the mechanics of Revolution such as the Counter Revolution and Reaction modifiers.